Acquisitions |
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Dec. 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Business Combination and Asset Acquisition [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Acquisitions | Acquisitions 2021 Acquisitions
On January 11, 2021, the Company entered into certain agreements with Uber Technologies, Inc. (“Uber”), under which it acquired Uber Elevate, Inc. (“Uber Elevate”), a portion of Uber’s business dedicated to development of aerial ridesharing. In connection with the acquisition, the Company issued Uber a Convertible Promissory Note (“Uber CPN”) and entered into a collaboration agreement (the “Uber Agreement”).
The following table summarizes the allocation of total consideration transferred to Uber between Uber Elevate and the contractual agreement asset (in thousands, except share and per share data):
Uber Elevate
Uber Elevate was a business incubated within Uber, which had developed multiple proprietary software technologies and built a highly skilled engineering team focused on multimodal ride sharing coordination, connected airspace management, urban transportation and simulation, and certifiable aviation grade battery technology. The Uber Elevate acquisition was intended to complement the Company’s existing technologies and expertise necessary to gain integration into the Uber app and progress commercialization of aerial ridesharing services.
The Company concluded that Uber Elevate represented a business, and acquisition of Uber Elevate was accounted as a business combination.
The factors contributing to the recognition of goodwill were based upon the Company’s conclusion that there are strategic and synergistic benefits that are expected to be realized from the acquisition.
Under the terms of the Share Purchase Agreement, certain employees of Uber Elevate who continued their employment with the Company following the acquisition of Uber Elevate were allowed to retain their unvested Uber restricted stock unit awards. The total fair value of these awards was $5.0 million and was recognized by the Company over the period between the acquisition date and awards vesting date, December 16, 2021. The Company recognized $5.0 million as other non-cash compensation during the year ended December 31, 2021 with $4.6 million and $0.4 million included in research and development expenses and selling, general and administrative expenses, respectively.
During the fourth quarter of 2021, the Company recorded tax related measurement period adjustments to recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities reflecting tax versus book differences for assets acquired during the Uber Elevate transaction. In relation to these adjustments, the Company updated the allocation of the total consideration between the Uber Elevate business acquisition and the collaboration agreement’s contractual asset. The adjustments reflect tax related facts and circumstances in existence as of the acquisition of Uber Elevate, the valuation of which was finalized during the fourth quarter of 2021. The impact of these adjustments resulted in an increase of $5.8 million in goodwill, an increase of $6.2 million in deferred tax assets, an increase of $4.7 million in the contractual agreement asset, offset by a deferred tax liability of $16.7 million. In addition, the Company released a deferred tax asset valuation allowance resulting in an income tax benefit of $10.5 million, as the deferred tax liability provided the Company with a source of future taxable income.
Uber CPN
The Uber CPN was issued in exchange for gross proceeds of $75.0 million, which is the note’s face amount. The Uber CPN bore interest at simple interest rate of 5.00% per annum and matured 2 years after its issuance. Uber CPN was convertible into common or preferred stock of Legacy Joby, depending on the occurrence or non-occurrence of various equity financing scenarios, including an IPO or a merger with (or acquisition of) a SPAC. The Uber CPN was issued at a premium, as its fair value at issuance was $74.5 million, $0.5 million below its face amount. The Company recognized the $0.5 million premium at issuance of Uber CPN as a reduction of the total consideration transferred to Uber for the
acquisition of the Uber Elevate. Upon closing of the Merger, the unpaid principal amount of $75.0 million plus accrued and unpaid interest in the amount of $2.2 million was converted into 7,716,780 shares of common stock of Joby Aviation.
Uber Agreement
Under the terms of the Uber Agreement, the Company and Uber agreed to continue focused development of their respective existing technologies to achieve mutual integration of their transportation services offerings to their customers.
The Uber Agreement embodies significant benefits to the Company, consisting primarily of customer demand aggregation, improved load factor as well as favorable commissions. The fair value of the asset representing these benefits (the “contractual agreement asset”) at inception was $49.5 million.
Because the Uber Agreement was not a part of the Uber Elevate business combination, the Company used the relative fair value method to allocate the total consideration transferred to Uber between the purchase consideration for acquiring Uber Elevate business and the contractual agreement asset. The Company will amortize the contractual agreement asset in proportion to the estimated incremental cash flows earned under the Uber Agreement over an estimated period of three years. The Company expects to begin generating incremental cash flows under the contractual agreement asset in 2025.
On April 6, 2021, the Company completed the acquisition of an entity engaged in the development of transportation technology with application in the aviation sector, whereby it acquired all the outstanding shares of the entity in exchange for a purchase consideration of $5.0 million in cash. The acquisition was accounted for as an asset acquisition because substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired was represented by a group of similar assets. The purchase consideration was allocated to $5.0 million of the acquired in-process research and development (“IPR&D”) assets, $0.1 million of the acquired current liabilities and $0.1 million of acquired current assets.
In relation to the acquisition, the Company issued 2,677,200 restricted shares of Legacy Joby Series C Preferred Stock with the aggregate acquisition date value of $23.9 million. The Series C Preferred Stock was converted into an equivalent number of shares of Legacy Joby common stock on a one-to-one basis immediately prior to the closing of the Merger, and then into the restricted shares of the Company’s common stock at the time of the Merger. The restricted shares vest contingent upon each employee’s continued employment with the Company or its subsidiaries, and are recognized as stock-based compensation expense over the restricted shares vesting terms.
On December 21, 2021, the Company completed the acquisition of an entity engaged in the development of radar systems technology with application in the aviation and other sectors, whereby it acquired all the outstanding shares of the entity in exchange for a total consideration consisting of (i) $2.8 million in cash, and (ii) 340,000 restricted stock units representing the right to receive an equivalent number of shares of the Company’s common stock upon vesting ("RSUs") with the aggregate acquisition date value of $2.4 million. The acquisition was accounted for as a business combination as the assets acquired and liabilities assumed constituted a business in accordance with ASC 805 Business Combinations. The purchase consideration of $2.8 million was allocated to $1.7 million of the acquired intangible assets, primarily developed technology, $1.2 million of the acquired current assets, primarily cash and account receivables, and $0.1 million of the acquired current liabilities.
2022 Acquisitions
On March 9, 2022, the Company completed the acquisition of an aerospace composite manufacturing company, whereby it acquired all the purchased assets and assumed selected liabilities in exchange for a total consideration consisting of (i) $1.5 million in cash, and (ii) RSUs with the aggregate acquisition date value of $0.1 million. The acquisition was accounted for as a business combination as the assets acquired and liabilities assumed constituted a business in accordance with ASC 805 Business Combinations. The purchase consideration of $1.5 million was allocated to the following: a $1.1 million in favorable lease assets, $0.4 million of acquired machinery and equipment, $0.1 million of acquired current assets, and $0.1 million of acquired current liabilities.
On May 17, 2022, the Company completed the acquisition of an aerospace software engineering company that specializes in full-lifecycle software and firmware development and verification to aviation regulatory standards, in exchange for total cash consideration of $7.2 million. The acquisition was accounted for as a business combination as the assets acquired and liabilities assumed constituted a business in accordance with ASC 805 Business Combinations. Part of the cash consideration in an amount of $2.2 million was temporarily retained by the Company to satisfy the Company’s post-closing indemnification claims, if any, against the seller. This retained amount of $2.2 million was released and paid to the seller during the three month ended June 30, 2023.
In relation to the acquisition, the Company issued 790,529 RSUs with an aggregate acquisition date value of approximately $4.5 million. The Company also paid $0.5 million to the employees of the acquired company, and settled accounts payable to the acquired company of $0.2 million. The RSUs vest contingent upon each employee’s continued employment with the Company or its subsidiaries, and are recognized as stock-based compensation expense over the RSUs’ vesting terms, commencing on the acquisition date.
The purchase consideration of $7.2 million was, preliminarily, allocated to $3.3 million of goodwill, primarily resulting from the combined workforce and expected increased regulatory efficiencies, $2.5 million of total intangible assets comprising of $2.4 million of acquired customer relationships intangible asset and $0.1 million of acquired developed technology intangible asset, $1.5 million of acquired current assets, primarily consisting of cash and accounts receivable, $0.3 million of acquired fixed assets, and $0.4 million of acquired current liabilities. Amounts recognized as of the acquisition date are provisional and subject to change within the measurement period as the Company’s fair value assessments are finalized. In September 2022, the Company made certain measurement period adjustments, which included a working capital adjustment with the seller in accordance with the agreement terms, resulting in an increase to the purchase consideration of $0.1 million which was paid during the three months ended December 31, 2022. No other adjustments were made through the end of the measurement period which ended on May 16, 2023.
On November 30, 2022, the Company completed the purchase of certain real property, improvements and other assets (“Property”) from Frederick Electronics Corporation, a Maryland corporation and Plantronics, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Sellers”) for a cash purchase price of $25.5 million. The Property consists of approximately 162,000 square feet across five buildings located at 333 Encinal Street, Santa Cruz, California and will be used as the Company’s corporate headquarters. The acquisition was accounted for as an asset acquisition as substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired was represented by a group of similar assets. The purchase consideration was allocated to $6.3 million of land, $17.7 million of buildings and site improvements and $1.5 million of equipment, fixtures and furniture.
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