Summary of Significant Accounting Policies |
12 Months Ended |
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Dec. 31, 2022 | |
| Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |
| Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Presentation
The consolidated financial statements include accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and include all adjustments necessary for the fair presentation of the Company’s financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for the periods presented.
Foreign Currency
The Company determined that the local currency is the functional currency for its foreign operations. Assets and liabilities of each foreign subsidiary are translated to United States dollars using the current exchange rate at the balance sheet date. Income and expenses are translated using the average exchange rate during the period. Cumulative translation adjustments related to the Company’s foreign subsidiaries are presented within the accumulated other comprehensive loss line on the consolidated balance sheets. Net gains and losses resulting from foreign currency transactions are included in interest and other income, net in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
Common Stock Warrants Liabilities
The Company evaluates terms of its common stock warrants to conclude if warrants meet the criteria to be classified within stockholders’ equity. The agreements governing the common stock warrants may include provisions which could result in a different settlement value of the warrants depending on various inputs, for example depending on the registration status of the underlying shares, holder of warrants, or other events. If these inputs are not an input into the pricing of a fixed-for-fixed equity-linked instrument, and are not within the scope of allowed exceptions described in indexation accounting guidance, the common stock warrants are not considered to be indexed to the Company’s own stock. In such cases, the Company records these warrants as liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets at fair value, with subsequent changes in their respective fair values recognized in the consolidated statements of operations at each reporting date.
Earnout Shares Liability
In connection with the Reverse Recapitalization and pursuant to the Sponsor Agreement by and among the Company, Reinvent Sponsor, LLC (“Sponsor”) and RTP (“Sponsor Agreement”), Sponsor agreed to certain terms of vesting, lock-up and transfer with respect to the 17,130,000 common shares held by it (“Earnout Shares”). The terms of the Sponsor Agreement specify that the Earnout Shares will vest upon achieving certain specified Release Events, as further described in Note 11. In accordance with ASC 815-40, the Earnout Shares are not indexed to the Common Stock and therefore are accounted for as a liability (“Earnout Shares Liability”) as of the Closing Date and subsequently remeasured at each reporting date with changes in fair value recorded as a component of other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of operations.
The estimated fair value of the Earnout Shares Liability was determined using a Monte Carlo simulation using a distribution of potential outcomes on a monthly basis over the Earnout Period (as defined in Note 11) prioritizing the most reliable information available. The assumptions utilized in the calculation are based on the achievement of certain stock
price milestones, including the current Company Common Stock price, expected volatility, risk-free rate, expected term and dividend rate.
Determination of the fair value of the Earnout Shares Liability involves certain assumptions requiring significant judgment and actual results may differ from assumed and estimated amounts..
Use of Estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, expenses, and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. The most significant estimates are related to the valuation of common stock, stock-based awards, preferred stock, preferred stock warrants, earnout shares, common stock warrants, intangible and certain tangible assets acquired and the valuation of and provisions for income taxes and contingencies. These estimates and assumptions are based on current facts, historical experience and various other factors believed to be reasonable under related circumstances. The estimates form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities and the recording of expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ materially and adversely from these estimates.
Segments
Operating segments are defined as components of an entity where discrete financial information is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The Company operates as one operating segment because its CODM, who is its Chief Executive Officer, reviews Company’s financial information on a consolidated basis for purposes of making decisions regarding allocating resources and assessing performance. The Company has no segment managers who are held accountable by the CODM for operations, operating results, and planning of components below the consolidated level.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The Company’s financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, other receivables, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, short-term and long-term debt, redeemable convertible preferred stock, common stock warrants, redeemable convertible preferred stock warrants, common stock warrants and earnout shares liability. The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, other receivables, accounts payable, and accrued and other current liabilities approximate their fair values due to the short time to the expected receipt or payment. The carrying amount of the Company’s short-term debt approximates its fair value as the effective interest rate approximates market rates currently available to the Company. Common stock warrants which are initially recorded in equity at the value allocated to them are not subject to remeasurement in subsequent periods. At initial recognition, the Company recorded the common stock warrants liabilities and earnout shares liability on the balance sheet at their fair value. The common stock warrants liabilities and earnout shares liability are subject to remeasurement at each balance sheet date, with changes in fair value recognized as a component of other income, net in the consolidated statements of operations.
Concentrations of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that subject the Company to credit risk consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, short-term investments and other receivables. At December 31, 2022 and 2021, cash and cash equivalents consisted of cash deposited with domestic and foreign financial institutions that are of high-credit quality. The Company is exposed to credit risk in the event of default by the domestic financial institutions to the extent that cash and cash equivalent deposits are in excess of amounts insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. Foreign cash balances are not insured. The Company has not experienced any losses on its deposits since inception. Short-term investments consist of government and corporate debt securities and corporate asset backed securities that carry high-credit ratings and accordingly, minimal credit risk exists with respect to these balances.
The Company’s other receivables are due from United States government agency under the Company’s government grant contracts. At December 31, 2022 and 2021, these two agencies accounted for 44% and 6% of the Company’s other receivables, respectively. At December 31, 2021, 79% of other receivables was owed to the Company by Uber related to cash withheld by Uber for vesting of shares to employees acquired in Uber Elevate acquisition (see Note 5). The Company provides for uncollectible amounts on an expected credit loss basis by recording an allowance for doubtful receivables based on historical information, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts.
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash
The Company considers all highly liquid investments with remaining original maturity of three months or less, from the date of purchase, to be cash and cash equivalents. The recorded carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents approximates their fair value. At December 31, 2022, restricted cash primarily related to (i) approximately $2.2 million of cash temporarily retained by the Company to satisfy the Company’s post-closing indemnification claims, if any, against the seller, in connection with the acquisition of aerospace software engineering company in May 2022 (Note 5), (ii) a collateral on a letter of credit associated with key equipment purchases of approximately $1.0 million, and (iii) a security deposit for a lease obligation of approximately $0.8 million. At December 31, 2021, restricted cash primarily related to a security deposit for a lease obligation of approximately $0.8 million.
Marketable Debt Securities
The Company classifies marketable debt securities as available-for-sale at the time of purchase and reevaluates such classification at each balance sheet date. The Company may sell these securities at any time for use in current operations even if they have not yet reached maturity. As a result, the Company classifies its marketable debt securities, including those with maturities beyond twelve months, as current assets in the consolidated balance sheets. These marketable debt securities are carried at fair value and unrealized gains and losses are recorded in the accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), which is reflected as a component of stockholders’ equity (deficit). Realized gains and losses are reported in other income, net in the consolidated statements of operations.
Prior to January 1, 2022, these marketable debt securities were assessed as to whether those with unrealized loss positions are other than temporarily impaired. The Company considered impairments to be other than temporary if they were related to deterioration in credit risk or if it is likely the securities will be sold before the recovery of their cost basis. Realized gains and losses from the sale of marketable debt securities and declines in value deemed to be other than temporary were determined based on the specific identification method.
On January 1, 2022, the Company adopted ASU 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments”, as amended, on a modified retrospective basis. At each reporting period, the Company evaluates its marketable debt securities at the individual security level to determine whether there is a decline in the fair value below its amortized cost basis (an impairment). In circumstances where the Company intends to sell, or are more likely than not required to sell, the security before it recovers its amortized cost basis, the difference between fair value and amortized cost is recognized as a loss in the consolidated statements of operations, with a corresponding write-down of the security’s amortized cost. In circumstances where neither condition exists, the Company then evaluates whether a decline is due to credit-related factors. The factors considered in determining whether a credit loss exists include the extent to which fair value is less than the amortized cost basis, changes in the credit quality of the underlying security issuers, credit ratings actions, as well as other factors.
If Company concludes that credit loss exists, to determine the portion of a decline in fair value that is credit-related, the Company compares the present value of the expected cash flows of the security discounted at the security’s effective interest rate to the amortized cost basis of the security. A credit-related impairment is limited to the difference between fair value and amortized cost, and recognized as an allowance for credit loss on the consolidated balance sheet with a corresponding adjustment to net income (loss). Any remaining decline in fair value that is non-credit related is recognized in other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax. Improvements in expected cash flows due to improvements in credit are recognized through reversal of the credit loss and corresponding reduction in the allowance for credit loss.
The Company did not record any allowance for credit losses during the year ended December 31, 2022.
Investment in SummerBio, LLC
Following the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company’s management determined that certain previously developed technology that was accessible to the Company could be repurposed and applied in providing high-volume rapid COVID-19 testing through its investment in SummerBio, LLC (“SummerBio”), a related party. The Company has determined that it is not the primary beneficiary of SummerBio. Therefore, it accounts for its investment in SummerBio under the equity method of accounting with an ownership interest of approximately 44.5% and 43.4% as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.
In August 2020, the Company deconsolidated SummerBio and recognized the resulting gain on deconsolidation of $6.9 million, which is included in other income on the consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2020.
In June 2022, SummerBio notified the Company of its decision to wind down testing operations and close the business, which SummerBio substantially executed by the end of December 2022. As a result, the Company recorded an impairment
loss on the Company’s investment of $6.4 million which is included within the income from equity method investment line on the consolidated statement of operations and on the consolidated statement of cash flow.
The Company recognized income of $19.5 million (net of impairment loss), $29.4 million and $5.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, within income from equity method investment on the consolidated statement of operations for its investment in SummerBio.
Property and Equipment, net
Property and equipment, net is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are recorded using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, generally two years to thirty years. Leasehold improvements and equipment finances under capital leases are amortized over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the asset or the remaining term of the lease.
Asset Acquisitions and Business Combinations
Upon an acquisition, the Company performs an initial test to determine whether substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets transferred is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or a group of similar identifiable assets, such that the acquisition would not represent a business. If that test suggests that the set of assets and activities is a business, the Company then performs a second test to evaluate whether the assets and activities transferred include inputs and substantive processes that together, significantly contribute to the ability to create outputs, which would constitute a business. If the result of the second test suggests that the acquired assets and activities constitute a business, the Company accounts for the transaction as a business combination.
For transactions accounted for as business combinations, the Company allocates the fair value of acquisition consideration to the acquired identifiable assets and liabilities based on their estimated fair values. Acquisition consideration includes the fair value of any promised contingent consideration. The excess of the fair value of acquisition consideration over the fair value of acquired identifiable assets and liabilities is recorded as goodwill. Contingent consideration is remeasured to its fair value each reporting period with changes in the fair value of contingent consideration recorded in general and administrative expenses. Such valuations require management to make significant estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to intangible assets. Management’s estimates of fair value are based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable, but inherently uncertain and unpredictable, and as a result, actual results may differ from estimates. In certain circumstances, the allocations of the excess purchase price are based upon preliminary estimates and assumptions and subject to revision when the Company receives final information, including appraisals and other analyses. During the measurement period, which is one year from the acquisition date, the Company may record adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed with the corresponding offset to goodwill. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period, any subsequent adjustments are recorded to earnings. Acquisition-related costs are expensed as incurred.
For transactions accounted for as asset acquisitions, the cost, including certain transaction costs, is allocated to the assets acquired on the basis of relative fair values. No goodwill is recognized in asset acquisitions.
Goodwill
Goodwill is recorded when the consideration transferred for a business acquisition exceeds the fair value of net identifiable assets and liabilities acquired. Goodwill is measured and tested for impairment annually on the first business day of the fiscal fourth quarter and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of goodwill may exceed its implied fair value. The Company first assesses qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of goodwill’s reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, however the Company may determine to proceed directly to the quantitative impairment test.
If the Company assesses qualitative factors and concludes that it is more likely than not that the fair value of goodwill’s reporting unit is less than its carrying amount or if the Company determines not to use the qualitative assessment, then a quantitative impairment test is performed. The quantitative impairment test requires comparing the fair value of the reporting unit to its carrying value, including goodwill. The Company has identified that its business operates as a single operating segment which is also a single reporting unit for purposes of testing for goodwill impairment. An impairment exists if the fair value of the reporting unit is lower than its carrying value, and the Company would record a goodwill impairment loss in the fiscal quarter in which the determination is made.
Intangible Assets
Intangible assets include identifiable intangible assets, primarily software technologies resulting from acquisitions (Note 5). Acquired intangible assets are initially recorded at fair value. The fair value of software technologies is estimated on the
basis of replacement cost and the fair value of contractual agreement asset is based primarily on the discounted cash flow model. Software technologies are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives, generally three years to five years. The Company’s estimates of useful lives of intangible assets are based on cash flow forecasts which incorporate various assumptions, including forecasted remaining useful life until technological obsolescence of software.
Contractual Agreement
The Company’s contractual agreement asset (Note 5) is classified as other non-current assets on the consolidated balance sheet. The Company will amortize the contractual agreement asset in proportion to the estimated incremental cash flows earned under the agreement over an estimated period of three years. The Company expects to begin generating incremental cash flows under the contractual agreement asset in 2025.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
The Company reviews its long-lived assets for impairment at least annually or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets is measured by comparing the carrying amount of the asset to future net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the Company determines that the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets. Fair value is determined through various valuation techniques, including discounted cash flow models, quoted market values, and third-party independent appraisals, as considered necessary. The Company did not record any impairment of long-lived assets in 2022 and 2021.
Leases
Effective January 1, 2022, the Company adopted ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (“ASC 842”), using the modified retrospective approach and utilizing the effective date as its date of initial application, for which prior periods are presented in accordance with the previous guidance in ASC Topic 840, Leases (“ASC 840”).
Under ASC 840, leases are evaluated and recorded as capital leases if one of the following is true at inception: (a) the present value of minimum lease payments meets or exceeds 90% of the fair value of the asset, (b) the lease term is greater than or equal to 75% of the economic life of the asset, (c) the lease arrangement contains a bargain purchase option, or (d) title to the property transfers to the Company at the end of the lease. The Company records an asset and liability for capital leases at present value of the minimum lease payments based on the incremental borrowing rate. Assets are depreciated over the useful life in accordance with the Company’s depreciation policy while rental payments and interest on the liability are accounted for using the effective interest method.
Leases that are not classified as capital leases are accounted for as operating leases. Operating lease agreements that have tenant improvement allowances are evaluated for lease incentives. For leases that contain escalating rent payments, the Company recognizes rent expense on the straight-line basis over the lease term, with any lease incentives amortized as a reduction of rent expense over the lease term.
Upon adoption of ASC 842, as described below under Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements, the Company determined if an arrangement is a lease, or contains a lease, at inception. Leases with a term greater than 12 months are recognized on the balance sheet as Right-of-Use (“ROU”) assets and current and long-term operating lease liabilities, as applicable. The Company has elected not to recognize on the balance sheet leases with terms of 12 months or less. The Company typically includes in its assessment of a lease arrangement an initial lease term and Company’s options to renew the lease when there is reasonable certainty that the Company will renew. The Company monitors its plan to renew its leases no less than on a quarterly basis. In addition, the Company’s lease agreements generally do not contain any residual value guarantees or restrictive covenants.
In accordance with ASC 842, the ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of the future minimum lease payments over the lease term. As most of the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate (“IBR”), which is the estimated rate the Company would be required to pay for fully collateralized borrowing over the period similar to lease terms, to determine the present value of future minimum lease payments. Lease expense for minimum lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. For lease agreements entered into or reassessed after the adoption of ASC 842, the Company does not combine lease and non-lease components. Variable lease payments are expenses as incurred.
Assumptions made by the Company at the commencement date are re-evaluated upon occurrence of certain events, including a lease modification. A lease modification results in a separate contract when the modification grants the lessee an additional right of use not included in the original lease and when lease payments increase commensurate with the standalone price for the additional right of use. When a lease modification results in a separate contract, it is accounted for in the same manner as a new lease.
Government Grants
The Company receives payments from government entities primarily for research and development deliverables as part of ongoing development of the Company’s technology and future services offering. Under the Company’s accounting policy for government grants received as a payment for research and development services, grants are recognized on a systematic basis over the periods in which these services are provided and are presented as a reduction of research and development expenses in the consolidated statement of operations. A grant that is compensation for expenses or losses already incurred, or for which there are no future related costs, is recognized in the consolidated statement of operations in the period in which it becomes receivable, typically, as a reduction of research and development expenses.
Research and Development
The Company expenses research and development costs as incurred. Research and development expenses consist primarily of personnel expenses, including salaries, benefits, and stock-based compensation, costs of consulting, equipment and materials, depreciation and amortization and allocations of overhead, including rent, information technology costs and utilities. Research and development expenses are partially offset by payments the Company received in the form of government grants, including those received under the U.S. Air Force’s transformative vertical lift program (“Agility Prime”).
Selling, General and Administrative
Selling, general and administrative expenses primarily consist of personnel expenses, including salaries, benefits, and stock-based compensation, related to executive management, finance, legal and human resource functions. Other costs include business development, contractor and professional services fees, audit and compliance expenses, insurance costs and general corporate expenses, including allocated depreciation, rent, information technology costs and utilities.
Advertising Expense
The Company expenses advertising costs as incurred. Advertising expenses for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 were $0.1 million, $0.2 million and $0.1 million, respectively, included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations.
Income Taxes
The Company uses the asset and liability method in accounting for income taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. Deferred tax expense or benefit is the result of changes in the deferred tax asset and liability. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets where it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
In evaluating the Company’s ability to recover deferred tax assets, the Company considers all available positive and negative evidence, including historical operating results, ongoing tax planning, and forecasts of future taxable income on a jurisdiction-by-jurisdiction basis. Based on the level of historical losses, the Company has established a full valuation allowance to reduce its net deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized.
A tax benefit from an uncertain tax position may be recognized when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination by the taxing authorities, including resolutions of any related appeals or litigation processes, based on the technical merits of the position.
The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits within the income tax expense line in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Accrued interest and penalties are included within the related liabilities line in the consolidated balance sheets.
Net Loss per Share
Basic net loss per common share is calculated by dividing the net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, without consideration of potentially dilutive securities. Diluted net loss per share is computed by dividing the net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock and potentially dilutive securities outstanding for the period. For purposes of the diluted net loss per share calculation, the redeemable convertible preferred stock, common stock warrants, common stock subject to repurchase, stock options and earnout shares are considered to be potentially dilutive securities.
Basic and diluted net loss attributable to common stockholders per share is presented in conformity with the two-class method required for participating securities as the redeemable convertible preferred stock is considered a participating security. The Company’s participating securities do not have a contractual obligation to share in the Company’s losses. As such, the net loss is attributed entirely to common stockholders. Because the Company has reported a net loss for the reporting periods presented, the diluted net loss per common share is the same as basic net loss per common share for those periods.
Comprehensive Loss
Comprehensive loss includes all changes in equity (net assets) during the period from nonowner sources. The Company’s comprehensive loss consists of its net loss, its cumulative translation adjustments, and its unrealized gains or losses on available-for-sale debt securities.
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company measures and records the expense related to stock-based payment awards based on the fair value of those awards as determined on the date of grant. When the observable market price or volatility that the Company uses to determine grant date fair value does not reflect certain material non-public information known to the Company but unavailable to marketplace participants at the time the market price is observed, the Company determines whether an adjustment to the observable market price is required. The Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense over the requisite service period of the individual grant, generally equal to the vesting period and uses the straight-line method to recognize stock-based compensation, and accounts for forfeitures as they occur. The Company selected the Black-Scholes-Merton (“Black-Scholes”) option-pricing model as the method for determining the estimated fair value for stock options and employee stock purchase plan awards . The Black-Scholes model requires the use of highly subjective and complex assumptions, which determine the fair value of share-based awards, including the award’s expected term, expected volatility of the underlying stock, risk-free interest rate and expected dividend yield.
Fair Value of Common Stock
Prior to the Merger on August 10, 2021, the fair value of the Company’s common stock was determined by the board of directors with assistance from management and, in part, on input from an independent third-party valuation firm. The board of directors determined the fair value of common stock by considering a number of objective and subjective factors, including valuations of comparable companies, sales of redeemable convertible preferred stock, operating and financial performance, the lack of liquidity of the Company’s common stock and the general and industry-specific economic outlook.
Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock
Prior to the Merger on August 10, 2021, the redeemable convertible preferred stock was recorded outside of permanent equity because while it was not mandatorily redeemable, in the event of certain events considered not solely within the Company’s control, such as a merger, acquisition, and sale of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets (each, a “deemed liquidation event”), the redeemable convertible preferred stock would have become redeemable at the option of the holders of at least a majority of the then-outstanding shares. The Company had not adjusted the carrying values of the redeemable convertible preferred stock to the redemption amount of such shares because it was uncertain whether or when a deemed liquidation event would occur that would obligate the Company to pay the liquidation preferences to holders of shares of redeemable convertible preferred stock. All redeemable convertible preferred stock converted to common stock as a result of the Merger (Note 3).
Emerging Growth Company
As of December 31, 2022, the Company no longer qualifies as an “emerging growth company” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012. As a result, the Company is required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act for the year ended December 31, 2022, and is not be able to take advantage of the exemptions from reporting available to emerging growth companies absent other exemptions or relief available from the SEC.
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which sets out the principles for the recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of leases for both parties to a contract (i.e. lessees and lessors). In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-10, Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases, which
provides clarification to ASU 2016-02 and ASU No. 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements, which allows entities to elect a modified retrospective transition method where entities may continue to apply the existing lease guidance during the comparative periods and apply the new lease requirements through a cumulative effect adjustment in the period of adoptions rather than in the earliest period presented. In March 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-01, which provides clarification on implementation issues associated with adopting ASU 2016-02.
These ASU (collectively the new leasing standard) supersede the previous leases standard and requires lessees to apply a dual approach, classifying leases as either finance or operating leases based on the principle of whether or not the lease is effectively a financed purchase by the lessee. This classification will determine whether lease expense is recognized based on an effective interest method or on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease, respectively. A lessee is also required to record a ROU asset and a lease liability for all leases with a term of greater than 12 months regardless of their classification. New leasing standard provides a lessee with an option to not record ROU assets or liabilities for leases with a term of 12 month or less. The new leasing standard is effective for the Company for fiscal year 2022 and for interim periods within fiscal year beginning after fiscal year 2022.
The Company adopted new leasing standard effective January 1, 2022, using the modified retrospective approach to recognize a cumulative-effect adjustment as of the adoption date. Results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2022 are presented under new leasing standard, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with the Company’s historical accounting under previous lease standard. The Company elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance within new lease standard, which allowed the Company to carry forward the historical lease classification, retain any initial direct costs for leases that existed prior to the adoption of the standard and not reassess whether any contracts entered into prior to the adoption are leases. The Company also elected to account for lease and non-lease components in the Company’s lease agreements as a single lease component in determining lease assets and liabilities. In addition, the Company elected not to recognize the ROU assets and liabilities for leases with lease terms of 12 months or less.
Upon the adoption of new leasing standard, the Company recognized an ROU asset of $26.7 million, lease liabilities of $28.7 million and derecognized deferred rent of $1.3 million as of January 1, 2022. There were no material impact to the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, consolidated statements of changes in redeemable convertible preferred stock and stockholder’s equity (deficit) or consolidated statements of cash flows. The additional disclosures required by the new leasing standard have been included in Note 8, Leases.
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments to require the measurement of all expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The standard also amends the accounting for credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities and purchased financial assets with credit deterioration. ASC 326 was subsequently amended by ASU 2019-04, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses, Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and Topic 825, Financial Instruments. The Company adopted the standard and related amendments effective January 1, 2022 on a modified retrospective basis. The adoption of the new standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes, that simplifies the accounting for income taxes by eliminating certain exceptions related to the approach for intra-period tax allocation and modified the methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period. It also clarifies and simplifies other aspects of the accounting for income taxes. The guidance is effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022 with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted the standard in the fourth quarter of 2022 and the adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In January 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-01, Investments - Equity Securities (Topic 321), Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323), and Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Clarifying the Interactions Between Topic 321, Topic 323, and Topic 815 - a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force, which makes improvements related to the following two topics: (1) accounting for certain equity securities when the equity method of accounting is applied or discontinued, and (2) scope considerations related to forward contracts and purchased options on certain securities. The Company adopted this pronouncement in the first quarter of 2022 and the impact of the provisions of this standard on the Company’s consolidated financial statements was immaterial.
In August 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued ASU 2020-06, Debt-Debt with Conversion and Other Options (ASC 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging - Contracts in Entity's Own Equity (ASC 815-40). which simplifies the accounting for convertible instruments and contracts in an entity’s own equity. The guidance also addresses how convertible instruments are accounted for in the diluted earnings per share calculation and requires enhanced disclosures about the terms of convertible instruments and contracts in an entity’s own equity. The guidance in ASU
2020-06 is effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021 with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted the ASU 2020-06 in the fourth quarter of 2022. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
In November 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-10, Government Assistance (Topic 832): Disclosures by Business Entities about Government Assistance, which requires business entities to provide certain disclosures when they (1) have received government assistance and (2) use a grant or contribution accounting model by analogy to other accounting guidance. The amendments in ASU 2021-10 require the following annual disclosures about transactions with a government that are accounted for by applying a grant or contribution accounting model by analogy: (1) information about the nature of the transactions and the related accounting policy used to account for the transactions; (2) the line items on the balance sheet and income statement that are affected by the transactions, and the amounts applicable to each financial statement line item; and (3) significant terms and conditions of the transactions, including commitments and contingencies. The guidance in ASU 2021-10 is effective for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021 with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted the ASU 2021-10 in the fourth quarter of 2022. The adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements as majority of Company’s government grants are not accounted under grant or contribution accounting model.
New Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
There are no recent accounting pronouncements applicable to the Company pending adoption that the Company expects will have a material impact on our consolidated financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.
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